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中文名 云南紫薇 拉丁科名 Lythraceae 中文科名 千屈菜科 保护级别 3 分布 云南 现状 渐危种。云南紫薇零星分布于云南南部,由于是优良的薪炭树种,当地经常砍作燃料,森林破坏严重,自然更新不良,因此分布范围越来越小；植株数量日益减少。 海拔下限(米) 800 海拔上限(米) 1800 形态特征 常绿乔木,高6－8米；枝圆柱形,节间较短。叶近对生,小枝上部的叶互生,坚纸质或薄革质,卵状椭圆形或宽椭圆形,长8一17厘米,宽4.5一7厘米,基部钝或狭楔形,两面无毛,侧脉7一9对,网状脉明显；叶柄长1一1.5厘米。圆锥花序顶生,长8一17厘米；花梗被短绒毛,长约12厘米；花蓝紫色,萼管长约14毫米,密被黄褐色短绒毛,裂片宽三角形,极为开展,成熟后木质化,坚硬,内面无毛,长为萼管的1／2或与之等长；花瓣6,近圆形或长圆形,长约20毫米,边缘浅波状,先端微凹,具爪；雄蕊约130枚,着生于萼管中下部,排成2－3列；子房6室,无毛,花柱长过雄蕊。葫果长圆形,长2.j一3.5厘米,6瓣裂,基部为宿萼包围；种子多数,黄褐色,顶端具翅,长1一1.5厘米。 特性 分布区为滇南热带.亚热带山地,气候特点是3一5月高温干燥,6一10月高温多雨,11－2月凉爽多雾。土壤为砖红壤。该植物喜阳耐旱,根系发达,树冠较宽广,花大而漂亮。花期5一6月,果期10一12月。着果力虽强,但自然更新不良,林下幼树稀少。混生于杂木林中。 保护价值 云南紫薇是我国特有植物。在我国滇南局部地区有零星分布,数量稀少,有一定的经济价值,应加以保护。 保护措施 由于云南紫薇分布地区不在自然保护区内,目前尚无保护措施。建议将集中分布区划为自然保护点,以利种质资源的保存。 栽培要点 用种子繁殖。发芽轻易,实生苗到开花期较快。挖苗移栽也轻易成活。扦插法亦能应用。 英文介绍: Chinese name Yunnan crape myrtle Latin family name Lythraceae Chinese family name the 1000 divisions that bend dish Protect level 3 Distributinging Yunnan The current situation highs gradually kind. Yunnan crape myrtle is fragmentary south of distributinging Yu Yunna, because be admirable firewood charcoal,the tree is planted, place often throws fuel, the forest is destroyed serious, update naturally undesirable, distributinging scope is accordingly less and less; Plant measure decreases increasingly. Altitude lower limit (rice) 800 Altitude upper limit (rice) 1800 Configuration feature constant green tree, tall 6 - 8 meters; The branch is cylindrical, between the section shorter. Xie Jin opposite, the foliaceous each other of upside gives birth to rod, firm paper quality or small change are simple, elliptic or egg written complaint is broad elliptic, long 8 17 centimeters one, wide 4.5 7 centimeters one, base ministry blunt or narrow wedge, two sides does not have wool, side arteries and veins 7 9 pairs one, netted veins is apparent; Petiole is long 1 1.5 centimeters one. Panicle is very unripe, long 8 17 centimeters one; Peduncular by short nap, about 12 centimeters long; Hua La is purple, calyx canal grows about 14 millimeter, close by cinnamon short nap, lobation wide triangle, very begin, the lignification after maturity, hard, the face does not have wool inside, the 1 ／ of the long canal that it is a calyx 2 or wait to it long; Petaline 6, intimate circle or long circle, grow about 20 millimeter, shape of brim light wave, tip is tiny sunken, have claw; Stamen makes an appointment with 130, move the bottom in giving birth to Yu E to be in charge of, the platoon is become 2 - 3; Ovarian 6 rooms, without wool, style has grown stamen. Hu fruit grows a circle, long 2.j 3.5 centimeters one, 6 valve are cracked, base the ministry is surrounded for Su E; Seminal majority, cinnamon, top provides a wing, long 1 1.5 centimeters one. Character distributinging area is the tropics austral another name for Yunnan Province, semi-tropical country, climate characteristic is 3 one high temperature is dry in May, 6 one high temperature is rainy in October, 11 - cool in Feburary much mist. Soil is laterite. This world of this plant happy event is able to bear or endure drought, root system develops, crown of a tree is broader, the flower is big and beautiful. Florescence 5 one June, fruit period 10 one in December. Move although fruit force is strong, but update naturally undesirable, forest next young trees are exiguous. Mix in be born at holt. Protecting value Yunnan crape myrtle is our country peculiar plant. In the parcel austral our country another name for Yunnan Province the area has fragmentary distributing, the amount is exiguous, have fair economic value, should try to protect. Safeguard is not as a result of distributinging area of Yunnan crape myrtle inside natural groove guard, still do not have safeguard at present. The proposal will center distributinging division into districts to protect a dot for nature, plant with benefit of qualitative resource save. Help advance somebody's career the point breeds with the seed. Gemmiparous and easy, seedling arrives florescence is faster. The transplant that dig a young plant survives easily also. Cuttage law can apply.(责任编辑：花卉网) |